Policy on Data Fabrication

The fabrication or falsification of research data is considered a serious breach of academic and publishing ethics. Authors must present their results honestly and without manipulation. All supporting data, including datasets, images, and supplementary materials, must be accurate and available upon request.

Suspected cases of data fabrication will be thoroughly investigated. If misconduct is confirmed, the article will be retracted, and appropriate notifications will be made to the authors’ affiliated institutions. Repeated or egregious misconduct may lead to a permanent ban from future submissions to the journal.